/* Minimal Black & White Design - Inter Style */
@import url('https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Inter:wght@300;400;500;600;700;800&display=swap');

/* Reset and Base Styles */
* {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    box-sizing: border-box;
}

body {
    font-family: 'Inter', -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'Segoe UI', Roboto, sans-serif;
    font-weight: 400;
    line-height: 1.6;
    color: #000000;
    background: #ffffff;
    -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
    -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
    letter-spacing: 0;
}

/* Typography - Inter Style */
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 {
    font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif;
    font-weight: 700;
    color: #000000;
    letter-spacing: -0.025em;
    line-height: 1.1;
}

h1 {
    font-size: 3.5rem;
    font-weight: 800;
}

h2 {
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    font-weight: 700;
}

h3 {
    font-size: 1.75rem;
    font-weight: 600;
}

p {
    font-size: 1.125rem;
    line-height: 1.7;
    color: #000000;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    font-weight: 400;
}

/* Header */
#header {
    background: #ffffff !important;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #000000 !important;
    position: fixed !important;
    top: 0 !important;
    left: 0 !important;
    width: 100% !important;
    height: 4rem !important;
    min-height: 4rem !important;
    z-index: 10000 !important;
    display: flex !important;
    align-items: center !important;
    justify-content: space-between !important;
    padding: 0 2rem !important;
    overflow: visible !important; /* Allow hover effects to show */
    line-height: normal !important;
}

#header .inner {
    width: 100% !important;
    max-width: 1200px !important;
    margin: 0 auto !important;
    display: flex !important;
    align-items: center !important;
    justify-content: space-between !important;
    overflow: visible !important; /* Allow hover effects to show */
    position: relative !important;
    height: 100% !important;
}

#header .logo {
    font-family: 'Inter', sans-serif;
    font-weight: 700;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    color: #000000;
    text-decoration: none;
    letter-spacing: -0.02em;
    flex-shrink: 0; /* Prevent logo from shrinking */
    margin-right: auto; /* Push to left */
}

#header a {
    color: #000000 !important;
    text-decoration: none !important;
    font-weight: 400 !important;
    font-size: 0.95rem !important;
    padding: 0.5rem 1rem !important;
    transition: all 0.2s ease !important;
    border: 1px solid transparent !important;
    white-space: nowrap !important; /* Prevent text wrapping */
    display: inline-block !important; /* Ensure proper hover area */
    line-height: 1.5 !important;
    vertical-align: middle !important;
    height: auto !important;
}

#header a:hover {
    background: #000000 !important;
    color: #ffffff !important;
    padding: 0.5rem 1rem !important; /* Maintain padding on hover */
    margin: 0 !important; /* No negative margins */
    border: 1px solid transparent !important;
}

#nav {
    display: flex !important;
    gap: 1rem !important;
    margin-left: auto !important;
    overflow: visible !important; /* Allow hover effects to show */
    align-items: center !important;
    height: 100% !important;
    /* You can customize these properties: */
    /* gap: 2rem; - Increase space between nav items */
    /* margin-left: auto; - Push nav to the right */
    /* padding: 0 1rem; - Add padding around nav */
}

/* Banner */
#banner {
    background: #000000 !important;
    background-image: none !important;
    color: #ffffff !important;
    padding: 6rem 2rem 4rem 2rem !important;
    text-align: center !important;
    margin-top: 6rem !important;
    position: relative !important;
    z-index: 1 !important;
}

#banner h1 {
    color: #ffffff;
    font-size: 4rem;
    font-weight: 300;
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    letter-spacing: -0.03em;
}

#banner p {
    color: #ffffff;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    font-weight: 300;
    opacity: 0.8;
}

/* Sections */
.wrapper {
    padding: 3rem 2rem;
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.wrapper.style1 {
    background: #ffffff;
    padding-top: 2rem;
}

.wrapper.special {
    background: #fafafa;
}

.inner {
    max-width: 1000px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

/* Section Headers */
header {
    text-align: center;
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
}

/* Specific spacing for About Me section */
#about {
    margin-top: 2rem !important;
    padding-top: 3rem !important;
    background: #f5f5f5 !important;
    color: #000000 !important;
}

#about.wrapper {
    margin-top: 2rem !important;
    padding-top: 3rem !important;
    background: #f5f5f5 !important;
    color: #000000 !important;
}

/* Ensure all headings in About Me section are black */
#about h1, #about h2, #about h3, #about h4, #about h5, #about h6 {
    color: #000000 !important;
}

#about.wrapper h1, #about.wrapper h2, #about.wrapper h3, #about.wrapper h4, #about.wrapper h5, #about.wrapper h6 {
    color: #000000 !important;
}

header h2 {
    font-size: 2.5rem;
    font-weight: 500;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    letter-spacing: -0.03em;
}

header p {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    color: #666666;
    max-width: 600px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    font-weight: 300;
}

/* Content Layout */
.row {
    display: flex;
    align-items: flex-start; /* Align items to the top */
    gap: 3rem;
    margin-bottom: 3rem;
}

/* About Me section - align image and text */
#about .row {
    align-items: flex-start;
}

#about .pfpimage {
    align-self: flex-start;
    margin: 0; /* Remove any default margins */
}

#about blockquote {
    align-self: flex-start;
    margin: 0 !important; /* Remove default blockquote margin */
    padding-top: 0; /* Align with top of image */
}

.flex {
    display: flex;
    gap: 3rem;
}

.flex-2 > * {
    flex: 1;
}

.flex-3 > * {
    flex: 1;
}

/* Research section - vertical layout */
#research .flex {
    flex-direction: column;
}

#research .flex-2 > * {
    flex: none; /* Remove equal flex sizing for vertical layout */
    width: 100%;
}

/* Contact section */
#contact {
    background: #ffffff !important;
    padding-top: 2rem !important;
    padding-bottom: 3rem !important;
}

#contact header {
    margin-bottom: 2rem;
}

#contact header h2 {
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

#contact header p {
    display: block !important;
    font-size: 1rem;
    color: #000000 !important;
    font-weight: 400;
    opacity: 1;
    margin: 0 auto !important;
    margin-bottom: 0 !important;
    line-height: 1.6;
    text-align: center !important;
    max-width: 600px;
}

.contact-content {
    text-align: center;
    max-width: 600px;
    margin: 0 auto;
}

.contact-email {
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.contact-email a {
    color: #000000;
    text-decoration: underline;
    text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
    text-underline-offset: 2px;
    transition: all 0.2s ease;
    font-weight: 400;
}

.contact-email a:hover {
    background: #000000;
    color: #ffffff;
    padding: 0.1rem 0.3rem;
    margin: -0.1rem -0.3rem;
    text-decoration: none;
}

.contact-location {
    font-size: 0.95rem;
    color: #666666;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
}

.contact-icons {
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    gap: 1.25rem;
    list-style: none;
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
}

.contact-icons li {
    margin: 0;
}

.contact-icons a {
    color: #000000;
    font-size: 1.25rem;
    text-decoration: none;
    transition: all 0.2s ease;
    padding: 0.4rem;
    display: inline-block;
}

.contact-icons a:hover {
    background: #000000;
    color: #ffffff;
}



/* Articles */
article {
    background: #ffffff;
    padding: 2.5rem;
    border: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.05);
}

article:hover {
    border-color: #000000;
    transform: translateY(-2px);
    box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

article header h3 {
    margin-bottom: 1rem;
    font-size: 1.5rem;
}

article p {
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    color: #333333;
}

/* Images */
.image.fit img {
    width: 100%;
    height: auto;
    margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
    border: 1px solid #e0e0e0;
}

.image.fit img:hover {
    transform: scale(1.02);
    border-color: #000000;
}

.pfpimage {
    width: 300px;
    height: 300px;
    overflow: hidden;
    border: 2px solid #000000;
}

.pfpimage img {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    object-fit: cover; /* Crops the image to fill the container */
    object-position: 100% 20%; /* Centers the crop (use: top, bottom, left, right, or percentages like 50% 20%) */
    border-radius: 0;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.pfpimage img:hover {
    transform: scale(1.02);
    border-color: #000000;
}

/* Blockquotes */
blockquote {
    font-style: italic;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    line-height: 1.7;
    color: #333333;
    border-left: 3px solid #000000;
    padding-left: 1.5rem;
    margin: 2rem 0;
}

/* Buttons */
.button {
    display: inline-flex;
    align-items: center;
    justify-content: center;
    padding: 0.75rem 1.5rem;
    background: #000000;
    color: #ffffff;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-weight: 400;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
    border: 1px solid #000000;
    transition: all 0.2s ease;
    letter-spacing: 0.02em;
    line-height: 1.5;
    vertical-align: middle;
    text-align: center;
}

.button:hover {
    background: #ffffff !important;
    color: #000000 !important;
    padding: 0.75rem 1.5rem !important; /* Override link hover padding */
    margin: 0 !important; /* Override link hover negative margin */
    text-decoration: none !important;
}

.button.special {
    background: #000000;
    color: #ffffff;
}

.button.special:hover {
    background: #ffffff !important;
    color: #000000 !important;
    padding: 0.75rem 1.5rem !important; /* Override link hover padding */
    margin: 0 !important; /* Override link hover negative margin */
    text-decoration: none !important;
}

/* Links */
a {
    color: #000000;
    text-decoration: underline;
    text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
    text-underline-offset: 2px;
    transition: all 0.2s ease;
}

a:hover:not(.button) {
    text-decoration: none;
    background: #000000;
    color: #ffffff;
    padding: 0.1rem 0.3rem;
    margin: -0.1rem -0.3rem;
}

/* Footer */
#footer {
    background: #000000;
    color: #ffffff;
    padding: 3rem 2rem;
    margin-top: 4rem;
}

#footer .inner {
    max-width: 1200px;
    margin: 0 auto;
    display: flex;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
}

#footer .copyright {
    color: #ffffff;
    font-size: 0.9rem;
}

#footer .copyright a {
    color: #ffffff;
    text-decoration: none;
}

#footer .copyright a:hover {
    background: #ffffff;
    color: #000000;
    padding: 0.1rem 0.3rem;
    margin: -0.1rem -0.3rem;
}

#footer .icons {
    display: flex;
    gap: 1rem;
    list-style: none;
}

#footer .icons a {
    color: #ffffff;
    text-decoration: none;
    font-size: 1.2rem;
    padding: 0.5rem;
    transition: all 0.2s ease;
}

#footer .icons a:hover {
    background: #ffffff;
    color: #000000;
}

/* Blog specific styles */
.blog {
    background: #f8f8f8;
    padding: 2rem;
    margin: 1.5rem 0;
    border-left: 3px solid #000000;
    font-size: 1.1rem;
    line-height: 1.6;
    transition: all 0.3s ease;
}

.blog:hover {
    background: #f0f0f0;
    transform: translateX(5px);
}

/* Responsive Design */
@media (max-width: 1200px) {
    .wrapper {
        padding: 3rem 1.5rem;
        max-width: 95%;
    }
    
    #header .inner {
        padding: 0 1.5rem;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    /* Tablet and small laptop */
    .row, .flex {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 2rem;
    }
    
    /* Responsive grid system */
    .6u, .6u$ {
        width: 100% !important;
        margin: 0 !important;
    }
    
    .12u$(medium) {
        width: 100% !important;
        margin: 0 !important;
    }
    
    #header {
        padding: 0 1rem;
        height: 3.5rem;
    }
    
    #header .inner {
        padding: 0 1rem;
    }
    
    .wrapper {
        padding: 2rem 1rem;
        max-width: 100%;
    }
    
    #banner {
        padding: 5rem 1rem 3rem 1rem;
        margin-top: 3.5rem;
    }
    
    #banner h1 {
        font-size: 2.5rem;
    }
    
    #banner p {
        font-size: 1rem;
    }
    
    h1 {
        font-size: 2.5rem;
    }
    
    h2 {
        font-size: 2rem;
    }
    
    h3 {
        font-size: 1.5rem;
    }
    
    .pfpimage {
        width: 100% !important;
        max-width: 300px !important;
        margin: 0 auto !important; /* Center the image */
    }
    
    .pfpimage img {
        max-width: 100% !important;
    }
    
    #about .row {
        padding: 0 1rem !important; /* Add padding to prevent cutoff */
    }
    
    #footer .inner {
        flex-direction: column;
        gap: 1rem;
        text-align: center;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    /* Mobile phones */
    #header {
        height: 3rem;
        padding: 0 0.5rem;
    }
    
    #header .inner {
        padding: 0 0.5rem;
    }
    
    #header a {
        padding: 0.3rem 0.5rem;
        font-size: 0.85rem;
    }
    
    #banner {
        margin-top: 3rem;
        padding: 3rem 0.5rem 2rem 0.5rem;
    }
    
    #banner h1 {
        font-size: 2rem;
        line-height: 1.2;
    }
    
    #banner p {
        font-size: 0.9rem;
    }
    
    .wrapper {
        padding: 1.5rem 0.5rem;
    }
    
    h1 {
        font-size: 2rem;
    }
    
    h2 {
        font-size: 1.75rem;
    }
    
    h3 {
        font-size: 1.25rem;
    }
    
    p {
        font-size: 1rem;
    }
    
    .pfpimage {
        width: 100% !important;
        max-width: 250px !important;
        margin: 0 auto !important; /* Center the image */
    }
    
    .pfpimage img {
        max-width: 100% !important;
    }
    
    #about .row {
        padding: 0 0.5rem !important; /* Add padding to prevent cutoff */
    }
    
    #about .inner {
        padding: 0 0.5rem !important;
    }
    
    article {
        padding: 1.5rem;
    }
    
    .button {
        padding: 0.6rem 1.2rem;
        font-size: 0.85rem;
    }
    
    .row, .flex {
        gap: 1.5rem;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 360px) {
    /* Small mobile phones */
    #header {
        height: 2.5rem;
    }
    
    #banner {
        margin-top: 2.5rem;
        padding: 2rem 0.5rem 1.5rem 0.5rem;
    }
    
    #banner h1 {
        font-size: 1.75rem;
    }
    
    .wrapper {
        padding: 1rem 0.5rem;
    }
    
    h1 {
        font-size: 1.75rem;
    }
    
    h2 {
        font-size: 1.5rem;
    }
}

/* Navigation Panel for mobile */
#navPanel {
    background: #ffffff !important;
    border-left: 1px solid #000000 !important;
    width: 80% !important;
    max-width: 300px !important;
    position: fixed !important;
    top: 0 !important;
    right: 0 !important;
    height: 100% !important;
    z-index: 10002 !important;
    overflow-y: auto !important;
    padding-top: 4rem !important;
    padding-left: 0 !important;
    padding-right: 0 !important;
    padding-bottom: 0 !important;
    visibility: hidden !important;
    -moz-transform: translateX(100%) !important;
    -webkit-transform: translateX(100%) !important;
    -ms-transform: translateX(100%) !important;
    transform: translateX(100%) !important;
    -moz-transition: -moz-transform 0.2s ease-in-out, visibility 0.2s ease-in-out !important;
    -webkit-transition: -webkit-transform 0.2s ease-in-out, visibility 0.2s ease-in-out !important;
    -ms-transition: -ms-transform 0.2s ease-in-out, visibility 0.2s ease-in-out !important;
    transition: transform 0.2s ease-in-out, visibility 0.2s ease-in-out !important;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    #navPanel {
        padding-top: 3.5rem !important;
    }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
    #navPanel {
        padding-top: 3rem !important;
    }
}

#navPanel.visible {
    visibility: visible !important;
    -moz-transform: translateX(0) !important;
    -webkit-transform: translateX(0) !important;
    -ms-transform: translateX(0) !important;
    transform: translateX(0) !important;
    box-shadow: 0 0 1.5em 0 rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) !important;
}

#navPanel a {
    color: #000000 !important;
    border-bottom: 1px solid #e0e0e0 !important;
    padding: 1rem !important;
    display: block !important;
    text-align: left !important;
    text-decoration: none !important;
}

#navPanel a:hover {
    background: #000000 !important;
    color: #ffffff !important;
}

#navPanel .close {
    position: absolute !important;
    top: 0.5rem !important;
    right: 0.5rem !important;
    width: 2.5rem !important;
    height: 2.5rem !important;
    border: none !important;
    background: transparent !important;
    font-size: 1.5rem !important;
    line-height: 2.5rem !important;
    text-align: center !important;
    color: #000000 !important;
    cursor: pointer !important;
    z-index: 10003 !important;
    padding: 0 !important;
    display: flex !important;
    align-items: center !important;
    justify-content: center !important;
}

#navPanel .close:before {
    position: static !important;
    width: 100% !important;
    height: 100% !important;
    line-height: 2.5rem !important;
    display: flex !important;
    align-items: center !important;
    justify-content: center !important;
}

#navPanel .close:hover {
    background: #000000 !important;
    color: #ffffff !important;
}

/* Mobile navigation toggle button */
.navPanelToggle {
    display: none !important;
}

@media (max-width: 768px) {
    .navPanelToggle {
        display: inline-block !important;
        flex-shrink: 0 !important; /* Prevent button from shrinking */
        margin-left: auto !important; /* Push to right */
        padding: 0.5rem 1rem !important;
        z-index: 10001 !important;
        cursor: pointer !important;
        pointer-events: auto !important;
        position: relative !important;
        -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent !important;
    }
    
    .navPanelToggle span {
        display: block !important;
        font-size: 1.2rem !important;
        pointer-events: none !important;
    }
    
    .navPanelToggle:hover {
        background: #000000 !important;
        color: #ffffff !important;
    }
    
    #nav {
        display: none !important;
    }
    
    #header .inner {
        justify-content: space-between !important;
        gap: 1rem !important;
    }
    
    #header .logo {
        margin-right: 0 !important; /* Reset margin on mobile */
    }
}

/* Utility classes */
.align-center {
    text-align: center;
}

.text-center {
    text-align: center;
}

.mb-0 {
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

.mt-0 {
    margin-top: 0;
}